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Furtwängler Glacier is located near the summit of Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania. The glacier is named after Walter Furtwängler who, along with Siegfried König, were the fourth party to ascend to the summit of Kilimanjaro in 1912. The glacier is a small remnant of an ice cap that once crowned the summit of Kilimanjaro. Almost 85 percent of the ice cover disappeared from October 1912 to June 2011.〔("A century of ice retreat on Kilimanjaro: the mapping reloaded", ''The Cryosphere'', authored by N. J. Cullen, P. Sirguey, T. Ölg, G. Kaser, M. Winkler, and S. J. Fitzsimons, volume 7, pages 419-31, 2013, accessed 8 October 2014 )〕 At the current rate, most of the ice will disappear by 2040 and "it is highly unlikely that any ice body will remain after 2060".〔 Furtwängler Glacier is ephemeral, existing continuously since only about 1650 CE, which corresponds with very high levels in Kenya's Lake Naivasha and the beginning of the Maunder Minimum.〔(''Ice Core Records'', authored by L. G. Thompson and M. E. Davis, The Ohio State University, 2013, accessed 10 November 2014 )〕 Between measurements in 1976 and 2000, the area of this glacier was cut almost in half, from to . Based on the rate of thinning observed between 2000 and 2009, this glacier is expected to disappear by 2018.〔 During fieldwork conducted early in 2006, scientists discovered a large hole near the center of the glacier. This hole, extending through the remaining thickness of the glacier to the underlying rock, was expected to grow and split the glacier in two by 2007.〔 ==See also== *Retreat of glaciers since 1850 *List of glaciers 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Furtwängler Glacier」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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